ABOUT KEDAH HISTORY

Recorded history shows that in the 5th century AD, traders plying the east-west trade route stopped at the port of Kuala Muda, using Gunung Jerai, Kedah's highest peak, as a navigational point.

The ruins of ancient Candi (temples) in the Bujang Valley show that a Hindu-Buddhist civilization existed here and may have been one of the first places to have come into contact with Indian traders. How important this kingdom was, is still being researched as more artifacts are unearthed.

During the 7th and 8th centuries, Kedah paid tribute to the Sumatran Srivijaya Empire. After the decline of the empire, it became a vassal state to the Thais until the 15th Century when the rise of Malacca led to the Islamization of the area. Kedah faced Portuguese and Achehnese attacks in the 17th century, but it again fell into Thai hands in 1821.

The Thais handed Kedah over to the British in 1909, and after the Japanese occupation, it became one of the states of the Malayan Union and subsequently the Federation of Malaya in 1948.



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Tuesday, March 9, 2010

Langkawi Canopy Adventure

All the techniques are based on bringing the mind into a state of relaxation, also called Alpha state. While in this state, the body is capable of regaining and reenergizing its immune strength, blood circulation improves and the person breathes adequately. In short, the body invigorates itself! The varions programme, such as Stop Smoking in One Hour, the Fun-Flying Seminar for those with a fear of flying or our Allergy / Migraine Solutions have had their fair share of success stories. While Autogenic Training takes only one to two minutes, three times a day to achieve incredible physical improvements, Hypnosis and NLP (Neurolinguistic Programming) require the help of a qualified instructor to get the desire results. Here in Langkawi, we achieved already tremendous results with cancer patients, migraine and allergy sufferers, in the treatment of Compulsive Obsessive Disorders, fear rsp, panic related problems and the elimination of undesired and obstructive habits which impede personal progress.

Langkawi Cable Car

Located on the southwest coast of the main island, about 30 minutes drive from Kuah Town and 15 minutes from the Langkawi International Airport is the craggy hulk of Gunung Machinchang. The Langkawi Cable Car route links the Base Station at Oriental Village to the Peak Station on top of the mountain. The exhilarating 20 minutes journey you take in a four-seater cable car silently ascends the height over a distance of 2.2 kilometres -- all the way hovering over the verdant forest canopy. Due to some repair works, the Middle Station where visitors can take a pause before proceeding on the jouney to the peak, is temporarily closed. The 360 ยบ panorama from the peak offers a breathtaking view of the islands, the rural lowlands and the seas as far as Thailand. Take in the great vista of hillside flora, a bird's eye view of the Telaga Tujuh waterfalls and an occasional glimpse of the wildlife, including the high-flying birds. Depending on the weather, you can sometimes find yourself ' levitating' in thick mist as the cable car climbs higher. The air up here is crisp and much cooler than the sweltering lowlands. Early evenings are the best times to be at the top for another perspective of the Langkawi sunset. However, be sure of the time to go up lest you miss the dazzling fiery display that splashes the horizon with all shades of red until darkness claim the islands.There is a 2.5 kilometre mountain trail that links Telaga Tujuh to the Middle and the Peak Stations. If you choose to take this trail please be aware that it is a hard and arduous climb most of the way.The Langkawi Cable Car has won three international awards.

Sailing and Marinas


The Langkawi group, with its 104 islands offers great sailing and plenty of protected anchorages. Over the last few years the area has become an established sailing destination with events like the annual Langkawi Regatta, attracting boats from all over the world.Langkawi now has four marinas and several bases offering facilities for yachts around the islands. Some of the marinas are part of resort developments offering all the amenities of first class resort hotels in addition to yacht services. Sailing enthusiasts can charter boats through Sunsail, a major cruising company with a base at the Royal Langkawi Yacht club in Kuah. You can either man the boat yourself (with the necessary qualifications), or charter a crew to make your voyage more comfortable. The Royal Langkawi Yacht Club’s marina is located on a large sweeping bay in Kuah with over 200 berths and full sailing facilities. Sunsail's charter base is also located here. You can hire a manned boat from them for the day and explore Langkawi’s caves, beaches and hidden islands. The marina’s close proximity to the town centre provides excellent access to duty-free shops and other business-class facilities. The berths can fit mega-yachts up to 60 meters (197 feet) long, and has a low tide depth of 3 meters (almost 10 feet). Pontoons have direct electricity, fuel and water supply, and offer a wireless internet service too. The Royal Langkawi Yacht Club’s marina is located on a large sweeping bay in Kuah with over 200 berths and full sailing facilities. Sunsail's charter base is also located here. You can hire a manned boat from them for the day and explore Langkawi’s caves, beaches and hidden islands. The marina’s close proximity to the town centre provides excellent access to duty-free shops and other business-class facilities. The berths can fit mega-yachts up to 60 meters (197 feet) long, and has a low tide depth of 3 meters (almost 10 feet). Pontoons have direct electricity, fuel and water supply, and offer a wireless internet service too. This lagoon-shaped marina is part of a resort and offers world-class features, including facilities for maintaining and repairing yachts. Their service is top-class and you will find all the necessary amenities required of a good marina. The marina also provides ferry transfers to Langkawi and a store for boat maintenance equipment.

Image Of The Day

Huygens on Titan
In 2005 the robotic Huygens probe landed on Titan, Saturn's enigmatic moon, and sent back the first ever images from beneath Titan's thick cloud layers....

Crew Members Prep for Undocking

Image above: Expedition 22 Flight Engineer T.J. Creamer works with flex hoses in the International Space Station’s U.S. Destiny laboratory. Credit: NASA TV

The Expedition 22 crew spent Monday preparing for two of its members to travel home while also keeping busy with daily science and maintenance duties aboard the orbiting International Space Station. With just over a week left in their half-year mission on the International Space Station, Expedition 22 Commander Jeff Williams and Flight Engineer Maxim Suraev continued preparing to leave the station aboard the Soyuz TMA-16 spacecraft. Their Earthward journey will begin with a scheduled undocking at 4:03 a.m. EDT March 18 and end with a landing about 3.5 hours later. Flight Engineer Oleg Kotov will take over as expedition commander as he and Flight Engineers T.J. Creamer and Soichi Noguchi remain on the orbital outpost, becoming the Expedition 23 crew. New crew members Alexander Skvortsov, Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Mikhail Kornienko will join them two weeks later. They are slated to launch aboard the Soyuz TMA-18 from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan on April 2. Williams worked with the Integrated Cardiovascular (ICV) experiment in the Columbus laboratory. ICV researches the extent of cardiac atrophy and seeks to identify its mechanisms. In advance of a depressurization test of the Kibo laboratory’s airlock, Noguchi and Creamer spent time Monday installing equipment in the airlock that is designed to facilitate its depressurization for experiment placement on the Exposed Facility of the Japanese module.

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THE POSTCARD CROSSING PROJECT

THE POSTCARD CROSSING PROJECT
“send a postcard and receive a postcard back from a random person somewhere in the world!”

ABOUT AMATEUR RADIO

Amateur radio service is defined in the Communication and Multimedia (Spectrum) Regulations 2000 as a radiocommunications service (covering both terrestrial and satellite) in which a station is used for the purpose of self traning, intercommunication and technical investigations carried out by authorized persons who are interested in radio technique solely with a personal aim and without any pecuniary interest.

AMATEUR RADIO OPERATOR'S CERTIFICATE

Regulation 27(1) of the Communications and Multimedia (Technical Standards) Regulations 2000 states that no person shall undertake or conduct any activity in designated skil area unless that person is certified. Amateur radio operator has been gazetted as a designated skill area category under the regulation, hence to operate an amateur radio station a person needs to have an appropriate proficiency and skill i.e. certified in this area.

INTERFERENCE

Please ensure that the radio transmision does not cause interference to any other radio services. Regulation 15(1) of the Communications and Multemedia (Technical Standards) Regulations 2000 states that no person shall intentionally design, install, operate, maintain or modify any communications equipment in a manner is likely to cause interference with, impairment, mulfunction of, or harm to any communications equipment or any other equipment.

Regulation 15(2) of the regulation denotes that a person who contravenes this regulation commits an offence and shall, on conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding three hundred thousand ringgit (RM 300,000.00) or to imprisonment for a term of not exceeding three years or to both.

To eliminate the potential of interferences, the following procedures must be followed strictly:-

a) Ensure that suffient equipment, tools and test gear is available and can used to monitor and verify that your transmission does not cause any interference to other radio services.

b) You must responsible if your amateur radio is found to be the caused of interference. Immediate remedy action must be taken to rectify the problems in case of interference.

c) Ensure that the transmission do not exceed the level of over deviation.

d) Ensure that the radiated energy is always within the narrowest posible frequency bands for any class of emission in use.

e) The radiation of harmonics and spurious emissions should be suppressed to minimize interference.

Historical Description of Amateur Radio: From the Encyclopedia Britannica:-

Interest in amateur radio arose around the turn of the century, shortly after the Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi successfully sent the first transatlantic wireless signal in 1901. The interference of amateur broadcasts with commercial and military transmissions led to the institution of government control in 1911. After World War I, amateurs became active in radio experimentation, contributing to developments in long-distance broadcasting and becoming the first radio operators successfully to exploit the upper medium-frequency and lower high-frequency radio bands. Over the years, amateur radio operators have also provided emergency communications during forest fires, floods, hurricanes, and other disasters. They serve as an important link between stricken communities and the outside world until normal communications are reestablished.Amateur radio operators in the United States are subject to international and federal regulations. There are five classes of licenses. Competence in the use of the International Morse Code and a knowledge of radio theory and regulation are required to obtain the advanced-level licenses. Amateur radio is allocated frequencies at the extreme high-frequency end of the medium-wave band, five groups of frequencies in the shortwave band, two groups in the veryhigh-frequency band, three in the ultrahigh-frequency band, and seven in the superhigh-frequency band for telegraphic and telephonic communication using amplitude and frequency modulation. There are restrictions on the power of the transmitters, and certain of the frequencies must be shared with due regard for the needs of other users.

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